What are electrolytes?

Electrolytes in your reports

On a report you'll see these as an electrolyte panel or serum electrolytes, sometimes inside a kidney function test. It often lists:

• sodium
• potassium
• chloride

Each lab prints its own reference range next to your result, and ranges can vary by lab, so compare with the range on your report and ask your doctor what an abnormal value means.

Why electrolytes matter

Electrolytes keep the right amount of water in your body and the right acid balance in your blood.

They also:

• help move nutrients into cells and waste out
• keep your nerves and muscles working
• keep your heartbeat steady
• help hold blood pressure stable

When fluid going in and fluid going out stop matching, levels can go off. These can all cause an imbalance:

• heavy sweating
• severe vomiting or loose motions
• not drinking enough in hot weather
• drinking far too much water
• some medicines
• heart, liver or kidney problems

Keeping electrolytes in balance

Day to day, regular meals and enough fluids keep electrolytes in balance for most people.

In Indian summers or after a bout of loose motions:

• sip water along with nimbu pani with a pinch of salt, chaas or coconut water
• eat potassium-rich foods like banana, dal and vegetables

If you take water pills or blood pressure medicines, or have kidney disease, talk to your doctor before changing salt or potassium intake.